ChemistryChapter 16: Empirical Data Collection and Analysis
Reliable and Valid
Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise.
Learning objectives
- Define and explain reliable and valid.
- Apply reliable and valid to a focused FBISE question.
- Check the answer for correct terms, evidence, working, and units.
Definition
Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise. If you used the wrong indicator, they can still be invalid. An outlier: check the burette, do not hide it. Accuracy is closeness to the true value (a standard).
Important terms
- Reliable And Valid
- Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise. If you used the wrong indicator, they can still be invalid. An outlier: check the burette, do not hide it. Accuracy is closeness to the true value (a standard).
Relationship
- reliable = close repeats
Overview
Learn the idea, then use it:
Core Understanding
Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise. If you used the wrong indicator, they can still be invalid. An outlier: check the burette, do not hide it. Accuracy is closeness to the true value (a standard).
Examples repeats · right method · reliable = close repeats · RELIABLE AND VALID: Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise. If you used the wrong indicator, they can still be invalid. An outlier: check
Exam Application
State the correct term, connect it to the chapter rule or evidence, and use a clear example or calculation.
Examples Define first · Show the rule or evidence · Check units, labels, and conclusion
WHAT — RELIABLE AND VALID
Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise. If you used the wrong indicator, they can still be invalid. An outlier: check the burette, do not hide it. Accuracy is closeness to the true value (a standard).
HOW — Use the idea
Identify what is given, select this topic's rule or evidence, apply it one step at a time, and check the result.
In simple words
Do not merge reliable and valid with a neighbouring idea that uses a different definition, rule, or method.
Key points
- repeats
- right method
- reliable = close repeats
Exam preparation
Exam Focus
Quick revision
Revision Zone
Review the key facts, formulas and checks before you move on.Reliable and Valid
Sticky Notes · Quick Revision
Core Idea
- Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise.
Key Points
- repeats
- right method
- reliable = close repeats
Simple Check
- Explain reliable and valid in your own words and connect it to one chapter example.
How to Answer
- Define the idea, show the main rule or evidence, apply it, and check the final statement.
Common Mistake
- Do not merge reliable and valid with a neighbouring idea that uses a different definition, rule, or method.
FBISE Exam Tip
- Use the exact term, show working where needed, and include units or labelled evidence.
60-second revision
- Three titres within 0.1 cm^3 are precise.
- repeats
- right method
- reliable = close repeats
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