PhysicsChapter 10: Electromagnetism
Generators
Introduction
An electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.
Definition
Basic Principle
A coil is rotated in a magnetic field. As the coil turns, the magnetic flux through the coil changes. This produces an induced e.m.f.
A.C. Generator
A simple alternating-current generator uses: rotating coil; magnetic field; slip rings; carbon brushes. The induced voltage reverses direction every half-turn, producing alternating output.
Energy Conversion
Mechanical energy → electrical energy. The mechanical input may come from: steam turbine; wind turbine; hydro turbine; engine.
Factors Affecting Output
Generated e.m.f. increases with: stronger field; more turns; larger coil area; faster rotation.
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GENERATOR
Mechanical → Electrical
PRINCIPLE
- Induction
A.C.
- Slip rings