7 min read
Worked School Routes (allowed Set)
Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named. Ethanol to ethene: conc H2SO4 heat. Ethanol to ethanal: distil dichromate. Ethanol to ethanoic: reflux dichromate. Ethanol to chloroethane: PCl5 named. Bromoethane to ethanol: aq KOH. Bromoethane to ethene: alc KOH. Propene to propan-2-ol: H2O/H+ or Markovnikov from HBr then aq KOH. That is the allowed menu. Example: ethene -> bromoethane -> ethanol
Choose Your Level
Worked School Routes (allowed Set)
What is it?
Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named. Ethanol to ethene: conc H2SO4 heat. Ethanol to ethanal: distil dichromate. Ethanol to ethanoic: reflux dichromate. Ethanol to chloroethane: PCl5 named. Bromoethane to ethanol: aq KOH. Bromoethane to ethene: alc KOH. Propene to propan-2-ol: H2O/H+ or Markovnikov from HBr then aq KOH. That is the allowed menu. Example: ethene -> bromoethane -> ethanol -> ethanoic acid — each step named reagent. Count carbons after each synthetic step; silent carbon loss is the most common multi-step mistake.
In simple words
- Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named.
- 1. C2 MENU: Ethene hub.
- 2. C3 MENU: Propene -> 2-bromopropane (HBr) -> propan-2-ol (aq KOH).
- Exam reminder: Worked: propene to propanone.
Important terms
WORKED SCHOOL ROUTES (ALLOWED SET): Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named.
1. C2 MENU: Ethene hub.
2. C3 MENU: Propene -> 2-bromopropane (HBr) -> propan-2-ol (aq KOH).
What you should learn
- Explain worked school routes (allowed set) in simple chemical language.
- Connect 1. c2 menu with 2. c3 menu using equations, observations, or trends where needed.
- Answer a short Federal Board question with the correct terms and a clear reason.
Examples
- Hydrate
- Oxidise
- PCl5 named
C2 MENU
Ethene hub. Ethanol hub. Ethanoic and ethanal as ox. Chloroethane as sub. All named above. Stick to two or three steps as exam usually limits.
C3 MENU
Propene -> 2-bromopropane (HBr) -> propan-2-ol (aq KOH). Or direct hydration. Propan-2-ol -> propanone (dichromate). Iodoform on the ketone. Balance economy: fewer steps often better if reagents allowed.
Recommended for Class 11
Full school-level explanation
Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named. Ethanol to ethene: conc H2SO4 heat. Ethanol to ethanal: distil dichromate. Ethanol to ethanoic: reflux dichromate. Ethanol to chloroethane: PCl5 named. Bromoethane to ethanol: aq KOH. Bromoethane to ethene: alc KOH. Propene to propan-2-ol: H2O/H+ or Markovnikov from HBr then aq KOH. That is the allowed menu. Example: ethene -> bromoethane -> ethanol -> ethanoic acid — each step named reagent. Count carbons after each synthetic step; silent carbon loss is the most common multi-step mistake.
Two carbons, then three:
WHAT — WORKED SCHOOL ROUTES (ALLOWED SET)
Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named. Ethanol to ethene: conc H2SO4 heat. Ethanol to ethanal: distil dichromate. Ethanol to ethanoic: reflux dichromate. Ethanol to chloroethane: PCl5 named. Bromoethane to ethanol: aq KOH. Bromoethane to ethene: alc KOH. Propene to propan-2-ol: H2O/H+ or Markovnikov from HBr then aq KOH. That is the allowed menu. Example: ethene -> bromoethane -> ethanol -> ethanoic acid — each step named reagent. Count carbons after each synthetic step; silent carbon loss is the most common multi-step mistake.
WHY — Why this topic matters
WORKED SCHOOL ROUTES (ALLOWED SET) is an independent FBISE learning unit because students must use its definitions, conditions, equations, or trends separately in explanations and calculations.
HOW — How it works
C2 MENU: Ethene hub. Ethanol hub. Ethanoic and ethanal as ox. Chloroethane as sub. All named above. Stick to two or three steps as exam usually limits. Examples: Hydrate; Oxidise; PCl5 named. C3 MENU: Propene -> 2-bromopropane (HBr) -> propan-2-ol (aq KOH). Or direct hydration. Propan-2-ol -> propanone (dichromate). Iodoform on the ketone. Balance economy: fewer steps often better if reagents allowed. Examples: 2-bromopropane; Propanone; CHI3 yes. Worked: propene to propanone. hydrate (or HBr then aq KOH) to propan-2-ol acidified dichromate to propanone secondary alcohol path
C2 MENU
Ethene hub. Ethanol hub. Ethanoic and ethanal as ox. Chloroethane as sub. All named above. Stick to two or three steps as exam usually limits.
Remember
- C2 stays C2
Examples
- Hydrate
- Oxidise
- PCl5 named
C3 MENU
Propene -> 2-bromopropane (HBr) -> propan-2-ol (aq KOH). Or direct hydration. Propan-2-ol -> propanone (dichromate). Iodoform on the ketone. Balance economy: fewer steps often better if reagents allowed.
Remember
- Markovnikov
Examples
- 2-bromopropane
- Propanone
- CHI3 yes
Remember
- copy the named arrow
- do not add extra reagents
- 2-ol then ketone
- menu only
- C2 stays C2
- Markovnikov
- copy the named arrow
- do not add extra reagents
How the ideas connect
Worked: propene to propanone. hydrate (or HBr then aq KOH) to propan-2-ol acidified dichromate to propanone secondary alcohol path
Deeper understanding
Go beyond memorising Worked School Routes (allowed Set). Connect the definition to reasons, relationships, exceptions, and exam wording.
How the ideas connect
Worked: propene to propanone. hydrate (or HBr then aq KOH) to propan-2-ol acidified dichromate to propanone secondary alcohol path
Common mistakes
Exam focus
Core Idea
1. C2 MENU
2. C3 MENU
Exam Example
Exam focus
Quick revision
- copy the named arrow
- do not add extra reagents
- 2-ol then ketone
- menu only
- WORKED SCHOOL ROUTES (ALLOWED SET): Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named.
- 1. C2 MENU: Ethene hub.
Syllabus menu only. No extra steps, no drugs, no explosives.
For long answers on Worked School Routes (allowed Set): define clearly → explain the main parts → give one example → state one exam caution.
Exam Focus
Exam Focus
Important points
- copy the named arrow
- do not add extra reagents
- 2-ol then ketone
- menu only
Important formulas
- copy the named arrow
- do not add extra reagents
- 2-ol then ketone
Common exam traps
- Do not confuse 1. C2 MENU with 2. C3 MENU; state the difference before giving an example.
- Writing only “copy the named arrow” is not enough. Explain what it means in a complete sentence.
Long question structure
Definition → key parts → example → exam caution
Common Mistakes
Common Mistakes
- Mistake
Do not confuse 1. C2 MENU with 2. C3 MENU; state the difference before giving an example.
- Mistake
Writing only “copy the named arrow” is not enough. Explain what it means in a complete sentence.
- Mistake
Syllabus menu only. No extra steps, no drugs, no explosives.
- Mistake
Syllabus menu only. No extra steps, no drugs, no explosives.
Revision Zone
60-Second Revision
Quick cues from this topic — use them for last-minute revision.
copy the named arrow
do not add extra reagents
2-ol then ketone
menu only
Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named. Ethanol to ethene: conc H2SO4 heat. Ethanol to ethanal: distil dichromate. Ethanol to ethanoic: reflux dichromat
- Definition
- Ethene to ethanol: steam / acid catalyst named. Ethanol to ethene: conc H2SO4 heat. Ethanol to ethanal: distil dichromate. Ethanol to ethanoic: reflux dichromat
- Example
- Hydrate
- Critical warning
- Do not confuse 1. C2 MENU with 2. C3 MENU; state the difference before giving an example.
Did you understand this topic?
Your answer is saved with your learning record. It does not mark the topic as mastered.
Ready to test yourself?
You've completed the learning section.
Exam Practice
Define
Q1. Define Worked School Routes (allowed Set).
Explain
Q2. Explain: C2 MENU.
Example
Q3. Give one clear example of Worked School Routes (allowed Set) and say why it fits.
Mistake
Q4. State one common mistake students make about Worked School Routes (allowed Set).
Exam note
Q5. Write a short exam note on Worked School Routes (allowed Set): definition, two points, one example.
Sources & References
School-standard facts for Matric and Intermediate. Original explanations — not copied from textbooks.